Clipmarks | Anthropology Clips

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Wed, 11 Nov 2009 12:36:12 GMT

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Stone Age Humans Crossed Sahara in the Rain

Tue, 10 Nov 2009 23:46:26 GMT

clipped by: merrie
clipper's remarks: Wet spells

While about 40 per cent of hydrocarbons in today's dust come from water-dependent plants, this rose to 60 per cent, first between 120,000 and 110,000 ago and again from 50,000 to 45,000 years ago. So the region seemed to be in the grip of unusually wet spells at the time.

That may have been enough to allow sub-Saharan Stone Age Homo sapiens to migrate north: the first fossils of modern humans outside Africa date from 93,000 year ago in Israel. And both genetic analysis and archaeology show that humans didn't spread extensively beyond Africa until 50,000 years ago, suggesting a second migration at the time of the second wet spell.

Fossil record

Ian Tattersall of the American Museum of Natural History in New York is impressed by the findings. "They tie in approximately with the information we have from the fossil record."

Clip Source: www.newscientist.com

It used to be wetter (Image: Sergio Pitamitz/Getty)

Wet spells in the Sahara may have opened the door for early human migration. According to new evidence, water-dependent trees and shrubs grew there between 120,000 and 45,000 years ago. This suggests that changes in the weather helped early humans cross the desert on their way out of Africa.

The Sahara would have been a formidable barrier during the Stone Age, making it hard to understand how humans made it to Europe from eastern Africa, where the earliest remains of our hominin ancestors are found.

Isla Castañeda of the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and colleagues studied land plant hydrocarbons in Saharan dust that has settled on the sea floor off west Africa over the past 192,000 years. From the ratio of carbon isotopes in the hydrocarbons they can work out which types of plants were present at different times.

Journal reference: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0905771106

Tags: anthropology, human evolution, migration, science

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Sat, 07 Nov 2009 13:14:53 GMT

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Claude Levi-Strauss, Scientist Who Saw Human Doom, Dies at 100

Tue, 03 Nov 2009 23:59:20 GMT

clipped by: wiccantexan

Clip Source: www.bloomberg.com

Claude Levi-Strauss, the French social anthropologist who influenced generations of intellectuals with his ideas on culture and said the human species would become extinct, has died. He was 100.

Levi-Strauss’s method, known as structuralism, reduced mythology and rituals to their basic components to find an underlying pattern. His theories on primitive societies held that the characteristics of the native mind are equal to those in Western civilization and that all communities function using folklore based on opposites.

“I therefore claim to show, not how men think in myths, but how myths operate in men’s minds without their being aware of the fact,” he said.

The Marxist social scientist who dedicated more than three decades examining the behavior of Amazonian and American Indian tribes applied the structural approach employed in linguistics to discover a common form in myth.

Tags: science, human, anthropology, culture, myths

Ardi: Whatever We Want Her To Be

Mon, 12 Oct 2009 22:36:11 GMT

clipped by: David Hughes

Clip Source: ideas.blogs.nytimes.com

Ardi: Whatever We Want Her to Be

Today’s idea: Ardi, family girl? The hominid found to have lived 4.4 million years ago in Africa is looking like another of science’s Rorschach tests, “on which particular points of view can be agreeably projected,” an anthropologist says.

Archaeology | The “moral coding” of our presumed newest oldest ancestor has already begun, says Lionel Tiger, a Rutgers anthropology professor writing for Forbes. He’s referring to the raft of newly published research (not to mention a TV documentary) about Ardi, the 110-pound, 4-foot female found to have roamed forests a million years before the famous Lucy.

Of course, creationists will dismiss the fossil skeleton as “another irritating inconvenience for their choir,” writes Tiger. Yet others of a more scientific bent are wishfully extrapolating, for example, that Ardi’s smallish teeth point to less aggressive males in the species and perhaps more attentive fathers.

Anunnaki Videos

Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:56:53 GMT

clipped by: JULIE PENKOVA
clipper's remarks: Is this in connection to the human race??

Clip Source: www.experiencefestival.com

Anunnaki (search result)

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Human Anunnaki Anthropology - Lloyd Pye

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Human Racial Origins and the Anunnaki of Planet X Nibiru

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Why humans can't navigate out of a prtp bag

Sat, 26 Sep 2009 07:52:18 GMT

clipped by: jjsnlee

Clip Source: www.newscientist.com

The trouble is, unlike an innate computation of distance and directional change, this connection to the landscape is all too easy to distort or lose entirely. Claudio Aporta, an anthropologist at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, has observed how young Inuit hunters, who have begun to rely on GPS to navigate, have found themselves hopelessly lost for days when the technology fails, leading to several fatal and near-fatal incidents (Current Anthropology, vol 46, p 729). This was unheard of among the elders - until recently, the Inuit didn't even have a term for being lost. "It was just a matter of time before the weather cleared or they recognised a feature on the land and they would find their way," says Aporta.

Tags: science, inuits, gps, mental map

The Secrets Inside Your Dog's Mind

Mon, 21 Sep 2009 22:09:28 GMT

clipped by: Socratoad

Clip Source: www.time.com

Hare and greyhound pal Bruno take a deserved break.

Brian Hare, assistant professor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University, holds out a dog biscuit.

"Henry!" he says. Henry is a big black schnauzer-poodle mix--a schnoodle, in the words of his owner, Tracy Kivell, another Duke anthropologist. Kivell holds on to Henry's collar so that he can only gaze at the biscuit. See Pictures of Dogs Learning New Tricks.

"You got it?" Hare asks Henry. Hare then steps back until he's standing between a pair of inverted plastic cups on the floor. He quickly puts the hand holding the biscuit under one cup, then the other, and holds up both empty hands. Hare could run a very profitable shell game. No one in the room--neither dog nor human--can tell which cup hides the biscuit. See a video on how dogs think like us.

The Secrets Inside Your Dog's Mind

Sat, 19 Sep 2009 17:52:08 GMT

clipped by: lakotahope
clipper's remarks: Good dogs

Clip Source: www.time.com

Brian Hare, assistant professor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University, holds out a dog biscuit.

Instead, he simply points at the cup on the right. Henry looks at Hare's hand and follows the pointed finger.

Henry the schnoodle just did a remarkable thing. Understanding a pointed finger may seem easy, but consider this: while humans and canines can do it naturally, no other known species in the animal kingdom can.

Europeans Descended From Hunters, Not Farmers, Study Says

Mon, 07 Sep 2009 08:29:29 GMT

clipped by: Fast T friend
clipper's remarks: The team investigated mitochondrial DNA"a permanent genetic marker passed from mothers to their offspring"recovered from the teeth and bones of 24 skeletons from 16 central European sites.

These ancient humans all belonged to cultures that can be linked to the introduction of farming practices that began in present-day Israel, Jordan, and Syria around 12,000 years ago.

The researchers identified which cultures the subjects belonged to by the decorations found on their pottery.

Clip Source: news.nationalgeographic.com

Europeans owe their ancestry mainly to Stone Age hunters, not to later migrants who brought farming to Europe from the Middle East, a new study suggests.

Based on DNA analysis of ancient skeletons from Germany, Austria, and Hungary, the study sways the debate over the origins of modern Europeans toward hunter-gatherers who colonized Europe some 40,000 years ago.

The DNA evidence suggests immigrant farmers who arrived tens of thousands of years later contributed little to the European gene pool.

Instead they left a cultural legacy by introducing agriculture some 7,500 years ago, the researchers say.

"Our paper suggests that there is a good possibility that the contribution of early farmers could be close to zero," added co-author Peter Forster, an archaeology research fellow at Cambridge University, England.

Tags: anthropology, europe, gene, history, pool

Wasn't it Already Obvious?

Sat, 29 Aug 2009 14:54:35 GMT

clipped by: CulturalEngineer
clipper's remarks: Complex/Chaotic networks are inherently unstable. Civilizations are fragile.

Your Decision Systems are broken and need attention.

Chagora & Civilization Systems

Clip Source: www.insidescience.org

Study Says World's Stocks Controlled by Select Few

WASHINGTON -- A recent analysis of the 2007 financial markets of 48 countries has revealed that the world's finances are in the hands of just a few mutual funds, banks, and corporations. This is the first clear picture of the global concentration of financial power, and point out the worldwide financial system's vulnerability as it stood on the brink of the current economic crisis.

A pair of physicists at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich did a physics-based analysis of the world economy as it looked in early 2007.

revealing what they called the "backbone" of each country's financial market. These backbones represented the owners of 80 percent of a country's market capital, yet consisted of remarkably few shareholders.

Glattfelder and Battiston's analysis found that the owners varied little from stock to stock, meaning that comparatively few hands are holding the reins of the entire market.

Tags: economics, politics, anthropology, finance

FREE Social Anthropology Dissertation Topics Ideas

Thu, 27 Aug 2009 04:49:54 GMT

clipped by: evamason
clipper's remarks: Free anthropology dissertation topics ideas. Also custom request for dissertation topics on anthropology and get 3 free topics within 48 hours.

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Tags: anthropology dissertation

Hunting: So easy a caveman could do it

Tue, 18 Aug 2009 18:27:41 GMT

clipped by: clip-on-tie
clipper's remarks: 'Leftovers' found in caves dwelled in 400,000 to 200,000 years ago

Clip Source: www.msnbc.msn.com

Early humans who lived in caves more than 250,000 years ago were just as good at bringing home the bacon as their later human descendents of the Paleolithic era, though their dining habits were a little less refined, a new study suggests.

The remains of early human dinners were found in Qesem Cave in Israel, which was discovered during road construction in hilly limestone terrain, 7 miles east of Tel Aviv about nine years ago. ("Qesem" means "surprise.")

In the cave were leftover bones from deer, aurochs, horse and other big game that made up the meals of the hunters who dwelled in the cave 400,000 to 200,000 years ago. Mary Stiner, an anthropologist at the University of Arizona, examined the cut marks left on these bones by ancient butchers to better understand how early societies hunted and divvied up the spoils of their labor.

Clip Source: www.copytaste.com

Tags: anthropology, science, israel, caves, hunting

An Anthropologist as the President's Mother

Fri, 14 Aug 2009 01:49:31 GMT

clipped by: chestnut501
clipper's remarks: NYT piece 'Dreams From His Mother'.
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/11/opinion/11dove.html?_r=3&ref=opinion

Clip Source: www.mindhacks.com

The New York Times has an interesting piece about the work of anthropologist Ann Dunham Soetoro, most famous for being the mother of President Barack Obama.

Dr. Soetoro’s most sustained academic effort was her 1,043-page dissertation, “Peasant Blacksmithing in Indonesia: Surviving Against All Odds,” completed in 1992 and based on 14 years of research. This was a classic, in-depth, on-the-ground anthropological study of a 1,200-year-old industry. Her principal field site was a cluster of hamlets, containing several hundred households, on an arid limestone plateau on Java’s south coast.

There is a final lesson from her work that is worth remembering: No nation — even if it is our bitterest enemy — is incomprehensible. Anthropology shows that people who seem very different from us behave according to systems of logic, and that these systems can be grasped if we approach them with the sort of patience and respect that Dr. Soetoro practiced in her work.

Tags: science, anthropology, president-obama, obama, women, mothers, indonesia

Human sacrifice at Cahokia Mounds?

Wed, 12 Aug 2009 19:30:46 GMT

clipped by: cakebelly
clipper's remarks: more (at source): But the "virgins" angle may be a bit of an overstatement, said Pauketat, but not by much.

"In the book I do not use the word virgin. I used female sacrifices," he said, noting that close study of the pelvic area of some of 53 female skeletons found in a huge pit below the mound showed clear signs of childbirth.

"They were selecting women of a certain age, but it's not like they're selecting virgins," he said. Most of the sacrificial victims were in their early 20s, he said.

Clip Source: www.bnd.com

BY GEORGE PAWLACZYK

COLLINSVILLE -- Human sacrifice! Victims buried alive! Read all about it in "Cahokia -- Ancient America's Great City on the Mississippi."

According to this new book by University of Illinois archaeologist and professor of anthropology Tim Pauketat, the mound builders were not always the idyllic, corn-growing, pottery-making, fishing-hunting gentle villagers depicted in various dioramas at the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site in Collinsville.

Pauketat said these long-vanished people practiced human sacrifice of women and men on a mass scale and weren't always careful to bury only the dead.

Based on years of study of artifacts including many from the extensive excavation of the site's Mound 72 during 1967-71, Pauketat's book is getting national attention. The Washington Post described it as "undeniably hot." A national online review service used the headline, "Sacrificial virgins of the Mississippi."