Clipmarks | hyorinmaru's 'brain injury' clips

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, Further reading

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:27:22 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

Tags: gcs, health, healthcare, brain, brain injury, measurement

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, Interpretation of the scale

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:25:56 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

Interpretation

Individual elements as well as the sum of the score are important. Hence, the score is expressed in the form "GCS 9 = E2 V4 M3 at 07:35".

Generally, comas are classified as:

Severe, with GCS ≤ 8
Moderate, GCS 9 - 12
Minor, GCS ≥ 13.

Intubation and severe facial/eye swelling or damage, make it impossible to test the verbal and eye responses. In these circumstances, the score is given as 1 with a modifier attached e.g. 'E1c' where 'c' = closed, or 'V1t' where t = tube. A composite might be 'GCS 5tc'. This would mean, for example, eyes closed because of swelling = 1, intubated = 1, leaving a motor score of 3 for 'abnormal flexion'.

The GCS has limited applicability to children, especially below the age of 36 months (where the verbal performance of even a healthy child would be expected to be poor). Consequently the Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale, a separate yet closely related scale, was developed for assessing younger children.

Tags: gcs, health, healthcare, brain, brain injury, measurement

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, Motoric Measurement

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:22:22 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

No motor response
Extension to pain (adduction of arm, internal rotation of shoulder, pronation of forearm, extension of wrist, decerebrate response)
Abnormal flexion to pain (adduction of arm, internal rotation of shoulder, pronation of forearm, flexion of wrist, decorticate response)
Flexion/Withdrawal to pain (flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, flexion of wrist when supra-orbital pressure applied ; pulls part of body away when nailbed pinched)
Localizes to pain. (Purposeful movements towards painful stimuli; e.g., hand crosses mid-line and gets above clavicle when supra-orbital pressure applied.)
Obeys commands. (The patient does simple things as asked.)

Tags: gcs, health, healthcare, brain, brain injury, measurement

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, Verbal Measurement

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:19:50 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

No verbal response
Incomprehensible sounds. (Moaning but no words.)
Inappropriate words. (Random or exclamatory articulated speech, but no conversational exchange)
Confused. (The patient responds to questions coherently but there is some disorientation and confusion.)
Oriented. (Patient responds coherently and appropriately to questions such as the patient’s name and age, where they are and why, the year, month, etc.)

Tags: gcs, health, healthcare, brain, brain injury, measurement

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, Eye Measurement

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:05:02 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

No eye opening
Eye opening in response to pain. (Patient responds to pressure on the patient’s fingernail bed; if this does not elicit a response, supraorbital and sternal pressure or rub may be used.)
Eye opening to speech. (Not to be confused with an awaking of a sleeping person; such patients receive a score of 4, not 3.)
Eyes opening spontaneously

Tags: gcs, health, healthcare, brain, brain injury

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale, The parameters

Fri, 09 May 2008 19:02:07 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

The scale comprises three tests: eye, verbal and motor responses. The three values separately as well as their sum are considered. The lowest possible GCS (the sum) is 3 (deep coma or death), whilst the highest is 15 (fully awake person).

Tags: gcs, brain injury

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale according to Wikipedia

Fri, 09 May 2008 18:44:00 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: en.wikipedia.org

The Glasgow Coma Scale or GCS, sometimes also known as the Glasgow Coma Score is a neurological scale which aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person, for initial as well as continuing assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale).

GCS was initially used to assess level of consciousness after head injury, and the scale is now used by first aid, EMS and doctors as being applicable to all acute medical and trauma patients. In hospital it is also used in chronic patient monitoring, in for instance, intensive care.

The scale was published in 1974 by Graham Teasdale and Bryan J. Jennett, professors of neurosurgery at the University of Glasgow. The pair went on to author the textbook Management of Head Injuries (FA Davis 1981, ISBN 0-8036-5019-1)

Tags: health, healthcare, gcs, brain injury, measurement

GCS - Glasgow Coma Scale

Fri, 09 May 2008 18:28:57 GMT

clipped by: hyorinmaru

Clip Source: www.comcare.org

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - A scale that is used to assess the severity of a brain injury, that consists of ratings assigned to three variables depending on whether and how the patient responds to certain standard stimuli by opening the eyes, giving a verbal response, and giving a motor response.

Tags: health, healthcare, brain injury